Infectious and immunologic consequences of blood transfusion
نویسندگان
چکیده
Blood transfusions remain common practice in the critical care and surgical settings. Transfusions carry significant risks, including risks for transmission of infectious agents and immune suppression. Transmission of bacterial infections, although rare, is the most common adverse event with transfusion. The risk for transmission of viral infections has decreased over time, clearly because tests are becoming more sensitive in detecting certain viral infections such as hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and HIV. Several immunomodulatory effects are thought to be related to transfusions, and these can result in cancer recurrence, mortality, and postoperative infections. Numerous studies have been performed to examine the role of leukoreduction in decreasing these transfusion-related complications but results remain contradictory. We review the infectious risks associated with blood transfusion and the most recent data on its immunologic effects, specifically on cancer recurrence, mortality, and postoperative infections in surgical patients. We also review the use of leukoreduction in blood transfusion and its role in preventing transfusion-transmitted infections and immunomodulatory complications.
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Received 25 June 2007; accepted 2 July 2007; electronically published 6 September 2007. Reprints or correspondence: Dr. Neil Blumberg, Transfusion Medicine Unit and Blood Bank, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave., Box 608, Rochester, NY 14642 ([email protected]). Clinical Infectious Diseases 2007; 45:1014–5 2007 by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. ...
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